One time, Heisenberg was studied of the model of electron's motion in atom. In order to solving the model Heisenberg created a new operation "Matrix." Well, Heisenberg wasn't the first man using matrix, matrix has been using in math for a long time since Arthur Cayley first created it in 1858. But, Heisenberg didn't notice it, so he created matrix again by himself!
Because Heisenberg used matrix to solve the problem, there existed a new subject "Matrix Mechanics." But I think the most important result of using matrix is that Heisenberg discovered a new theorem "Uncertainty Principle."
Werner Heisenberg
(https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heisenberg_10.jpg)

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